“Practice 60 high-yield MCQs with answers and explanations from Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Eye (A.K. Khurana). Designed for NEET PG, NEXT, AIIMS, and MRCSEd Ophthalmology preparation, optometrist examination”
General Features of Eyeball
1. The eyeball is best described as:
A. Perfect sphere
B. Oblate spheroid ✅
C. Ellipsoid
D. Sphere with uniform curvature
Explanation: Eyeball is not a true sphere but an oblate spheroid.
2. The anteroposterior diameter of an adult eyeball is:
A. 22 mm
B. 23 mm
C. 24 mm ✅
D. 25 mm
Explanation: Adult AP diameter ≈ 24 mm.
3. The horizontal diameter of eyeball is:
A. 22.5 mm
B. 23.5 mm ✅
C. 24 mm
D. 25 mm
Explanation: Horizontal = 23.5 mm.
4. The vertical diameter of eyeball is:
A. 22 mm
B. 23 mm ✅
C. 23.5 mm
D. 24 mm
Explanation: Vertical = 23 mm.
5. The volume of adult eyeball is about:
A. 5 ml
B. 6.5 ml ✅
C. 7.5 ml
D. 8 ml
Explanation: Eyeball volume ≈ 6.5 ml.
6. Average weight of adult eyeball:
A. 5 g
B. 6 g
C. 7 g ✅
D. 8 g
Explanation: Adult eyeball ≈ 7 g.
7. The anterior pole of eyeball refers to:
A. Corneal apex ✅
B. Optic disc
C. Limbus
D. Macula
Explanation: Central point of corneal curvature.
8. The posterior pole is:
A. Macula
B. Optic disc
C. Central point on posterior convexity ✅
D. Fovea centralis
Explanation: Posterior pole = central point on posterior surface.
9. Equator of eyeball lies:
A. At corneoscleral junction
B. Midway between anterior and posterior poles ✅
C. Through optic nerve
D. At limbus
Explanation: Equator lies at mid-plane.
10. Circumference of adult eyeball:
A. 65 mm
B. 70 mm
C. 75 mm ✅
D. 80 mm
Explanation: Adult circumference ≈ 75 mm.
Coats of the Eyeball
11. Fibrous coat of eyeball includes:
A. Iris + sclera
B. Cornea + sclera ✅
C. Choroid + sclera
D. Retina + sclera
Explanation: Fibrous coat = cornea (1/6) + sclera (5/6).
12. Junction of cornea and sclera:
A. Limbus ✅
B. Ora serrata
C. Optic disc
D. Equator
Explanation: Corneoscleral junction = limbus.
13. Vascular coat of eyeball is also called:
A. Uvea ✅
B. Retina
C. Corneoscleral coat
D. Endothelium
Explanation: Uveal tract = iris, ciliary body, choroid.
14. Nervous coat of eyeball is:
A. Sclera
B. Retina ✅
C. Choroid
D. Iris
Explanation: Retina forms nervous coat.
15. Which layer is responsible for vision?
A. Sclera
B. Retina ✅
C. Cornea
D. Lens
Explanation: Retina processes visual signals.
Segments & Chambers
16. The anterior segment includes:
A. Vitreous
B. Retina
C. Lens, cornea, iris, anterior & posterior chambers ✅
D. Optic disc
Explanation: Anterior segment = lens + structures anterior to it.
17. Average depth of anterior chamber in adults:
A. 1.5 mm
B. 2.5 mm ✅
C. 3.0 mm
D. 4.0 mm
Explanation: Depth ≈ 2.5 mm at centre.
18. Anterior chamber volume:
A. 0.15 ml
B. 0.25 ml ✅
C. 0.35 ml
D. 0.5 ml
Explanation: Contains ≈ 0.25 ml aqueous humour.
19. Posterior chamber volume:
A. 0.02 ml
B. 0.04 ml
C. 0.06 ml ✅
D. 0.1 ml
Explanation: Posterior chamber ≈ 0.06 ml aqueous humour.
20. Posterior segment contains:
A. Cornea + iris
B. Lens + aqueous humour
C. Vitreous + retina + choroid + optic disc ✅
D. Sclera + conjunctiva
Explanation: Posterior segment = structures behind lens.
Cornea & Sclera
21. Transparency of cornea is due to:
A. Blood supply
B. Regular stromal arrangement ✅
C. Thick stroma
D. Pigment cells
Explanation: Transparency due to avascularity + uniform collagen lamellae.
22. Which part of fibrous coat is transparent?
A. Sclera
B. Cornea ✅
C. Iris
D. Retina
Explanation: Cornea transmits light.
23. Sclera forms how much of fibrous coat?
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 5/6 ✅
D. 3/4
Explanation: Posterior 5/6 of fibrous coat is sclera.
24. Cornea forms how much of fibrous coat?
A. 1/2
B. 1/4
C. 1/6 ✅
D. 1/8
Explanation: Anterior 1/6 is cornea.
Lens, Iris & Ciliary Body Relations
25. Lens is suspended from:
A. Iris
B. Retina
C. Ciliary body via zonules ✅
D. Sclera
Explanation: Zonular fibres hold lens.
26. The iris is part of:
A. Retina
B. Cornea
C. Uveal tract ✅
D. Fibrous coat
Explanation: Uveal coat has iris anteriorly.
27. Ciliary body lies between:
A. Iris & sclera
B. Iris & choroid ✅
C. Cornea & iris
D. Retina & sclera
Explanation: Ciliary body is between iris & choroid.
28. Depth of anterior chamber is shallower in:
A. Myopia
B. Hypermetropia ✅
C. Emmetropia
D. Presbyopia
Explanation: Hypermetropes → shallow chamber.
29. Depth of anterior chamber is deeper in:
A. Hypermetropia
B. Myopia ✅
C. Presbyopia
D. Emmetropia
Explanation: Myopes → deeper chamber.
30. Normal adult anterior chamber depth is:
A. 1 mm
B. 2.5 mm ✅
C. 3.5 mm
D. 4 mm
Explanation: Depth ≈ 2.5 mm.
Visual Pathway (Intro in Eyeball Context)
31. Visual pathway begins from:
A. Retina ✅
B. Cornea
C. Lens
D. Iris
Explanation: Retina perceives light and starts the pathway.
32. The optic nerve exits at:
A. Fovea
B. Optic disc ✅
C. Macula
D. Equator
Explanation: Optic nerve originates at optic disc.
33. The visual pathway ends in:
A. Midbrain
B. Lateral geniculate body
C. Occipital cortex ✅
D. Thalamus
Explanation: Final perception occurs at occipital cortex.
34. Crossing of nasal retinal fibres occurs at:
A. Optic tract
B. Optic chiasma ✅
C. Lateral geniculate body
D. Superior colliculus
Explanation: Nasal fibres cross at chiasma; temporal fibres remain uncrossed.
Orbit & Extraocular Structures
35. The eyeball is lodged in:
A. Sphenoid sinus
B. Orbit ✅
C. Ethmoid sinus
D. Frontal sinus
Explanation: Eye sits in orbital cavity.
36. Shape of orbit:
A. Cuboidal
B. Quadrilateral pyramid ✅
C. Cylindrical
D. Cone-shaped
Explanation: Orbit is quadrilateral pyramid with base anterior, apex posterior.
37. Number of extraocular muscles:
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6 ✅
D. 7
Explanation: 6 extraocular muscles: 4 recti + 2 obliques.
38. Eye appendages include:
A. Eyelids, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus ✅
B. Retina, sclera, cornea
C. Ciliary body, iris, choroid
D. Lens, vitreous, retina
Explanation: Appendages protect and support eyeball.
39. Main artery of the eye:
A. External carotid
B. Internal carotid → ophthalmic artery ✅
C. Middle cerebral artery
D. Vertebral artery
Explanation: Ophthalmic artery (branch of ICA) supplies eye.
40. Central retinal artery supplies:
A. Lens
B. Retina ✅
C. Choroid
D. Sclera
Explanation: CRA supplies inner retina.
41. Choroid is supplied mainly by:
A. Central retinal artery
B. Short posterior ciliary arteries ✅
C. Long posterior ciliary arteries
D. Angular artery
Explanation: Choroid → short PCAs.
42. Vein draining retina:
A. Superior ophthalmic vein
B. Central retinal vein ✅
C. Inferior ophthalmic vein
D. Angular vein
Explanation: Retina drains via central retinal vein.
43. Major venous channels of orbit include all EXCEPT:
A. Superior ophthalmic vein
B. Inferior ophthalmic vein
C. Cavernous sinus
D. Vertebral vein ✅
Explanation: Vertebral vein does not drain orbit.
44. Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve is:
A. 1st division ✅
B. 2nd division
C. 3rd division
D. Motor division
Explanation: Ophthalmic = V1 of trigeminal.
45. Lacrimal nerve supplies:
A. Cornea
B. Lacrimal gland + lateral eyelid ✅
C. Retina
D. Ciliary body
Explanation: Lacrimal nerve → gland, conjunctiva, lateral eyelid.
46. Supraorbital nerve supplies:
A. Conjunctiva + central upper eyelid + scalp ✅
B. Lacrimal gland
C. Lower lid
D. Iris
Explanation: Supraorbital = branch of frontal nerve.
47. Sensory root of ciliary ganglion comes from:
A. Lacrimal nerve
B. Long ciliary nerve (branch of nasociliary) ✅
C. Supraorbital nerve
D. Infraorbital nerve
Explanation: Sensory root from nasociliary branch.
48. Parasympathetic fibres to sphincter pupillae come from:
A. Edinger–Westphal nucleus via oculomotor nerve ✅
B. Trochlear nucleus
C. Abducens nucleus
D. Facial nerve
Explanation: EW nucleus → ciliary ganglion → sphincter pupillae.
49. Sympathetic supply to dilator pupillae originates from:
A. Superior cervical ganglion ✅
B. Inferior cervical ganglion
C. Pterygopalatine ganglion
D. Submandibular ganglion
Explanation: Dilator pupillae = sympathetic from SCG.
50. Muller’s muscle of eyelid is supplied by:
A. Parasympathetic fibres
B. Sympathetic fibres ✅
C. Facial nerve
D. Oculomotor nerve
Explanation: Sympathetic fibres → Muller’s muscle.
51. Medial lymphatics of eyelids drain into:
A. Preauricular nodes
B. Submandibular nodes ✅
C. Parotid nodes
D. Deep cervical nodes
Explanation: Medial drainage → submandibular nodes.
52. Lateral lymphatics of eyelids drain into:
A. Submandibular nodes
B. Preauricular (subauricular) nodes ✅
C. Submental nodes
D. Jugular nodes
Explanation: Lateral drainage → preauricular nodes.
53. Shallow anterior chamber predisposes to:
A. Cataract
B. Primary angle-closure glaucoma ✅
C. Retinal detachment
D. Myopia
Explanation: Narrow chamber angle → glaucoma.
54. Deep anterior chamber is common in:
A. Hypermetropia
B. Myopia ✅
C. Presbyopia
D. Emmetropia
Explanation: Myopes have deeper chambers.
55. In newborns, anterior chamber is:
A. Normal depth
B. Shallow ✅
C. Deep
D. Absent
Explanation: At birth, anterior chamber is shallow.
56. In newborns, lens is:
A. Flattened
B. Spherical ✅
C. Biconcave
D. Cylindrical
Explanation: Lens spherical at birth, nucleus immature.
57. Retina at birth:
A. Fully differentiated
B. Except macula, rest is differentiated ✅
C. Macula fully developed
D. No retinal layers
Explanation: Macula develops 4–6 months postnatal.
58. Refractive status of newborn is:
A. Myopia
B. Hypermetropia (+2 to +3D) ✅
C. Astigmatism
D. Emmetropia
Explanation: Newborns usually hypermetropic.
59. At birth, lacrimal gland:
A. Fully developed
B. Underdeveloped, no tears ✅
C. Hypertrophied
D. Absent
Explanation: Tears absent until gland matures.
60. Myelination of optic nerve at birth reaches up to:
A. Optic disc
B. Lamina cribrosa ✅
C. Macula
D. Fovea
Explanation: Myelination extends up to lamina cribrosa only.
61. Shape of the eyeball is closest to:
A. Sphere
B. Oblate spheroid ✅
C. Cylinder
D. Ellipsoid
62. Which is the smallest diameter of the eyeball?
A. Anteroposterior
B. Horizontal
C. Vertical ✅
D. Circumference
63. The equator of the eye is located at:
A. Limbus
B. Mid-plane between poles ✅
C. Optic disc
D. Fovea
64. Volume of eyeball in an adult is approximately:
A. 5 ml
B. 6.5 ml ✅
C. 7.5 ml
D. 10 ml
65. Average weight of adult eyeball:
A. 5 g
B. 6 g
C. 7 g ✅
D. 8 g
66. Fibrous coat contributes to:
A. Vision
B. Protection ✅
C. Aqueous humour production
D. Colour perception
67. Transparent part of fibrous coat:
A. Cornea ✅
B. Sclera
C. Conjunctiva
D. Choroid
68. Limbus is junction of:
A. Cornea & sclera ✅
B. Cornea & iris
C. Iris & lens
D. Retina & sclera
69. The vascular coat of the eye is also known as:
A. Uvea ✅
B. Fibrous coat
C. Retina
D. Neural coat
70. Retina belongs to:
A. Nervous coat ✅
B. Fibrous coat
C. Vascular coat
D. Connective coat
71. Posterior chamber is located between:
A. Cornea & lens
B. Iris & lens ✅
C. Vitreous & retina
D. Sclera & choroid
72. Volume of aqueous humour in anterior chamber:
A. 0.15 ml
B. 0.25 ml ✅
C. 0.5 ml
D. 1 ml
73. Depth of anterior chamber is greatest in:
A. Hypermetropia
B. Myopia ✅
C. Presbyopia
D. Astigmatism
74. Posterior chamber volume is approximately:
A. 0.06 ml ✅
B. 0.15 ml
C. 0.25 ml
D. 0.5 ml
75. Posterior segment includes all EXCEPT:
A. Retina
B. Vitreous
C. Lens ✅
D. Choroid
66. Visual pathway consists of all EXCEPT:
A. Optic nerve
B. Optic chiasma
C. Optic tract
D. Trochlear nerve ✅
77. Final relay of vision occurs in:
A. Occipital cortex ✅
B. Temporal cortex
C. Thalamus only
D. Midbrain
78. Partial decussation of fibres occurs at:
A. Optic chiasma ✅
B. Optic nerve
C. LGN
D. Optic radiation
79. Temporal retinal fibres:
A. Cross at chiasma
B. Remain uncrossed ✅
C. Supply contralateral field
D. End in superior colliculus
80. Lesion at optic chiasma produces:
A. Homonymous hemianopia
B. Bitemporal hemianopia ✅
C. Central scotoma
D. Quadrantanopia
81. Orbit is shaped like a:
A. Cone
B. Quadrilateral pyramid ✅
C. Cylinder
D. Sphere
82. Extraocular muscles are:
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6 ✅
D. 7
83. Levator palpebrae superioris is responsible for:
A. Elevation of eyeball
B. Elevation of upper eyelid ✅
C. Depression of eyelid
D. Eye rotation
84. Superior oblique muscle is supplied by:
A. Oculomotor
B. Trochlear ✅
C. Abducens
D. Trigeminal
85. Lateral rectus muscle is supplied by:
A. Trochlear
B. Abducens ✅
C. Oculomotor
D. Optic
86. Ophthalmic artery arises from:
A. External carotid
B. Internal carotid ✅
C. Middle cerebral
D. Basilar artery
87. Central retinal artery is a branch of:
A. Short ciliary artery
B. Ophthalmic artery ✅
C. External carotid artery
D. Angular artery
88. Choroid is mainly supplied by:
A. Central retinal artery
B. Short posterior ciliary arteries ✅
C. Long ciliary arteries
D. Superior ophthalmic artery
89. Central retinal vein drains into:
A. Angular vein
B. Cavernous sinus ✅
C. Inferior petrosal sinus
D. Sigmoid sinus
90. Major orbital venous drainage is through:
A. Jugular vein
B. Superior ophthalmic vein ✅
C. Subclavian vein
D. Vertebral vein
91. Ophthalmic nerve is branch of:
A. Oculomotor
B. Trigeminal ✅
C. Trochlear
D. Abducens
92. Lacrimal nerve supplies:
A. Medial eyelid
B. Lateral eyelid + lacrimal gland ✅
C. Nose
D. Cornea
93. Supraorbital nerve is branch of:
A. Maxillary
B. Frontal ✅
C. Mandibular
D. Zygomatic
94. Long ciliary nerves carry:
A. Parasympathetic to sphincter pupillae
B. Sympathetic to dilator pupillae ✅
C. Parasympathetic to lacrimal gland
D. Motor to levator
95. Parasympathetic supply to ciliary muscle arises from:
A. Edinger–Westphal nucleus ✅
B. Trochlear nucleus
C. Facial nucleus
D. Spinal nucleus
96. Ciliary ganglion receives all roots EXCEPT:
A. Sensory root
B. Parasympathetic root
C. Sympathetic root
D. Motor root ✅
97. Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres for eye arise in:
A. Edinger–Westphal nucleus ✅
B. Red nucleus
C. Facial nucleus
D. Medullary nucleus
98. Sympathetic supply to dilator pupillae originates in:
A. Ciliospinal centre of Budge ✅
B. Edinger–Westphal nucleus
C. Dorsal nucleus of vagus
D. Superior olive
99. Muller’s muscle of eyelid is innervated by:
A. Sympathetic ✅
B. Parasympathetic
C. Trochlear
D. Oculomotor
100. Parasympathetic secretomotor supply to lacrimal gland passes via:
A. Facial nerve ✅
B. Oculomotor
C. Trigeminal
D. Glossopharyngeal
101. Eye development begins around day:
A. 18
B. 22 ✅
C. 28
D. 30
102. Optic vesicle arises from:
A. Mesoderm
B. Neuroectoderm ✅
C. Surface ectoderm
D. Endoderm
103. Lens placode is derived from:
A. Neuroectoderm
B. Surface ectoderm ✅
C. Mesenchyme
D. Endoderm
104. Lens vesicle separates from ectoderm around:
A. 28th day
B. 33rd day ✅
C. 40th day
D. 50th day
105. Choroidal (fetal) fissure is seen in:
A. Superior optic cup
B. Inferior optic cup ✅
C. Lens vesicle
D. Ciliary body
106. Corneal epithelium is derived from:
A. Surface ectoderm ✅
B. Mesoderm
C. Endoderm
D. Neural crest
107. Retina develops from:
A. Surface ectoderm
B. Neural ectoderm ✅
C. Mesenchyme
D. Endoderm
108. Crystalline lens is derived from:
A. Mesenchyme
B. Surface ectoderm ✅
C. Endoderm
D. Neural crest
109. Ciliary muscle is derived from:
A. Neural ectoderm
B. Mesenchyme ✅
C. Surface ectoderm
D. Endoderm
110. Dilator pupillae muscle is derived from:
A. Neural ectoderm ✅
B. Mesenchyme
C. Endoderm
D. Surface ectoderm
111. At birth, AP diameter of eyeball is:
A. 12 mm
B. 16.5 mm ✅
C. 20 mm
D. 22 mm
112. Corneal diameter at birth:
A. 8 mm
B. 9 mm
C. 10 mm ✅
D. 11.7 mm
113. Corneal adult size is attained by:
A. 6 months
B. 1 year
C. 2 years ✅
D. 5 years
114. Pupil at birth is:
A. Normal size
B. Small, poorly dilating ✅
C. Large
D. Irregular
115. Macula differentiates completely by:
A. At birth
B. 1 month
C. 4–6 months ✅
D. 1 year
116. Infantile lens nucleus appears:
A. At birth ✅
B. 2 months
C. 6 months
D. 1 year
117. Refractive status of newborn:
A. Emmetropic
B. Myopic
C. Hypermetropic (+2 to +3 D) ✅
D. Astigmatic
118. Myelination of optic nerve stops at:
A. Lamina cribrosa ✅
B. Fovea
C. Macula
D. Cornea
119. Tears are secreted normally after:
A. Birth
B. 1 month
C. 2–3 months ✅
D. 6 months
120. Orbit of newborn compared to adult is:
A. More divergent (≈50°) ✅
B. Less divergent
C. Equal
D. Vertical
1. Adult eyeball is:
A. 20 mm long
B. 22 mm long
C. 24 mm long ✅
D. 26 mm long
Exp: AP diameter ≈ 24 mm.
2. Horizontal diameter of eyeball is:
A. 22 mm
B. 23.5 mm ✅
C. 24.5 mm
D. 25 mm
Exp: Horizontal > vertical.
3. Posterior pole corresponds to:
A. Corneal apex
B. Optic disc
C. Central posterior curvature ✅
D. Macula
Exp: Posterior convexity mid-point.
4. Anterior pole of eye is:
A. Optic disc
B. Corneal apex ✅
C. Equator
D. Limbus
Exp: Corneal centre.
5. Circumference of adult eyeball is:
A. 65 mm
B. 70 mm
C. 75 mm ✅
D. 80 mm
Exp: Average ≈ 75 mm.
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Coats of Eyeball
6. Fibrous coat forms:
A. Retina
B. Cornea + sclera ✅
C. Iris + ciliary body
D. Choroid
Exp: Outer coat = cornea + sclera.
7. Posterior 5/6 of fibrous coat is:
A. Cornea
B. Sclera ✅
C. Retina
D. Uvea
Exp: Sclera forms most of fibrous coat.
8. Vascular coat =
A. Uvea ✅
B. Retina
C. Cornea
D. Sclera
Exp: Uvea = iris, ciliary body, choroid.
9. Nervous coat =
A. Retina ✅
B. Cornea
C. Choroid
D. Sclera
Exp: Retina = nervous coat.
10. Limbus is site of:
A. Lens attachment
B. Aqueous outflow ✅
C. Vitreous support
D. Iris root
Exp: Limbus has trabecular meshwork.
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Chambers & Segments
11. Anterior chamber depth:
A. 1.5 mm
B. 2.5 mm ✅
C. 3.5 mm
D. 4 mm
Exp: Adult ≈ 2.5 mm.
12. Volume of aqueous humour:
A. 0.1 ml
B. 0.25 ml ✅
C. 1 ml
D. 2 ml
Exp: Aqueous volume ≈ 0.25 ml.
13. Posterior chamber lies between:
A. Iris & lens ✅
B. Cornea & iris
C. Retina & vitreous
D. Cornea & sclera
Exp: Space between iris & lens.
14. Posterior chamber volume:
A. 0.04 ml
B. 0.06 ml ✅
C. 0.25 ml
D. 0.5 ml
Exp: Posterior chamber ≈ 0.06 ml.
15. Posterior segment includes:
A. Vitreous, retina, choroid ✅
B. Lens, iris, cornea
C. Sclera, cornea, lens
D. Retina + cornea
Exp: Behind lens = posterior segment.
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Orbit & Extraocular Muscles
16. Orbit resembles:
A. Cube
B. Pyramid ✅
C. Cylinder
D. Sphere
Exp: Orbit = quadrilateral pyramid.
17. Number of recti muscles:
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4 ✅
D. 5
Exp: Four recti (SR, IR, MR, LR).
18. Superior oblique supplied by:
A. Oculomotor
B. Trochlear ✅
C. Abducens
D. Trigeminal
Exp: SO = trochlear nerve.
19. Lateral rectus supplied by:
A. Abducens ✅
B. Oculomotor
C. Trochlear
D. Facial
Exp: LR = abducens nerve.
20. Levator palpebrae superioris lifts:
A. Lower lid
B. Upper lid ✅
C. Eye upwards
D. Eyeball backwards
Exp: LPS elevates upper lid.
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Blood Supply
21. Main artery of eye:
A. Ophthalmic ✅
B. Central retinal
C. Posterior ciliary
D. Facial
Exp: Ophthalmic (ICA branch).
22. Central retinal artery supplies:
A. Lens
B. Retina ✅
C. Choroid
D. Cornea
Exp: CRA = inner retina.
23. Choroid supplied by:
A. Short posterior ciliary arteries ✅
B. Long ciliary arteries
C. CRA
D. Facial artery
Exp: Choroid = SPCA.
24. Central retinal vein drains into:
A. Jugular vein
B. Cavernous sinus ✅
C. Vertebral vein
D. Subclavian
Exp: Retinal vein → cavernous sinus.
25. Superior ophthalmic vein communicates with:
A. Facial vein ✅
B. Jugular vein
C. Vertebral vein
D. Subclavian
Exp: Infection spread via facial vein.
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Nerve Supply
26. Ophthalmic division of trigeminal =
A. V1 ✅
B. V2
C. V3
D. VII
Exp: Ophthalmic = V1.
27. Lacrimal nerve supplies:
A. Cornea
B. Lacrimal gland ✅
C. Retina
D. Lens
Exp: Lacrimal nerve → gland.
28. Supraorbital nerve supplies:
A. Lower lid
B. Upper lid + forehead ✅
C. Nose
D. Iris
Exp: Supraorbital = frontal nerve branch.
29. Long ciliary nerves carry:
A. Sympathetic to dilator pupillae ✅
B. Parasympathetic to sphincter
C. Motor to recti
D. Sensory to lens
Exp: Long ciliary = sympathetic.
30. Parasympathetic supply to sphincter pupillae:
A. Oculomotor via ciliary ganglion ✅
B. Trochlear
C. Abducens
D. Facial
Exp: From Edinger–Westphal nucleus.
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Development of Eye
31. Eye development begins on:
A. Day 20
B. Day 22 ✅
C. Day 25
D. Day 30
Exp: Around day 22.
32. Optic vesicle develops from:
A. Neuroectoderm ✅
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Mesoderm
D. Endoderm
Exp: Outgrowth of forebrain.
33. Lens placode arises from:
A. Surface ectoderm ✅
B. Neuroectoderm
C. Mesenchyme
D. Endoderm
Exp: Thickening of surface ectoderm.
34. Optic cup forms:
A. Lens
B. Retina ✅
C. Cornea
D. Iris only
Exp: Inner and outer layers → retina.
35. Choroidal fissure allows:
A. Hyaloid artery entry ✅
B. Aqueous drainage
C. Retinal detachment
D. Optic nerve exit
Exp: Fissure for hyaloid artery.
---
Embryonic Origins
36. Corneal epithelium derived from:
A. Surface ectoderm ✅
B. Mesoderm
C. Endoderm
D. Neural crest
Exp: Epithelium = surface ectoderm.
37. Corneal endothelium from:
A. Neural crest ✅
B. Mesoderm
C. Surface ectoderm
D. Endoderm
Exp: Neural crest → endothelium.
38. Lens derived from:
A. Surface ectoderm ✅
B. Mesoderm
C. Neuroectoderm
D. Endoderm
Exp: Lens placode.
39. Retina derived from:
A. Neuroectoderm ✅
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Mesenchyme
D. Endoderm
Exp: From optic cup.
40. Ciliary muscle derived from:
A. Mesenchyme ✅
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Neuroectoderm
D. Endoderm
Exp: Mesodermal origin.
---
Newborn Eye Features
41. AP diameter of newborn eye:
A. 16.5 mm ✅
B. 18 mm
C. 20 mm
D. 22 mm
Exp: Smaller than adult.
42. Corneal diameter at birth:
A. 10 mm ✅
B. 11.5 mm
C. 12 mm
D. 13 mm
Exp: Reaches adult size by 2 yrs.
43. Lens at birth is:
A. Flattened
B. Spherical ✅
C. Biconvex adult-like
D. Cylindrical
Exp: Infant lens spherical.
44. Anterior chamber in newborn:
A. Shallow ✅
B. Deep
C. Normal
D. Absent
Exp: AC shallow at birth.
45. Refractive status of newborn:
A. Myopia
B. Hypermetropia (+2–3D) ✅
C. Astigmatism
D. Emmetropia
Exp: Most newborns are hypermetropic.
---
Milestones & Clinical
46. Macula matures by:
A. Birth
B. 4–6 months ✅
C. 1 year
D. 2 years
Exp: Macula differentiation after birth.
47. Myelination of optic nerve ends at:
A. Lamina cribrosa ✅
B. Fovea
C. Macula
D. Retina
Exp: Stops at lamina cribrosa.
48. Tears appear after:
A. Birth
B. 2–3 months ✅
C. 6 months
D. 1 year
Exp: Lacrimal gland matures by 2–3 months.
49. Newborn pupils are:
A. Normal size
B. Small & sluggish ✅
C. Large
D. Fixed
Exp: Pupils are small and poorly reactive.
50. Newborn optic disc appears:
A. Large
B. Small & greyish ✅
C. Hyperemic
D. Atrophic
Exp: Disc looks greyish at birth.
51. Adult AP diameter is reached by:
A. 1 yr
B. 2 yrs ✅
C. 5 yrs
D. 10 yrs
Exp: Eyeball grows to adult size by ~2 yrs.
52. Corneal adult size attained by:
A. 6 months
B. 2 yrs ✅
C. 5 yrs
D. 10 yrs
Exp: Cornea reaches 11.7 mm by 2 yrs.
53. Lacrimal gland fully functional by:
A. Birth
B. 3 months ✅
C. 6 months
D. 1 yr
Exp: Tear secretion after 3 months.
54. Infantile nucleus forms at:
A. Birth ✅
B. 1 yr
C. 2 yrs
D. 5 yrs
Exp: Lens nucleus appears at birth.
55. Retinal vascularization completes by:
A. Birth
B. 3 months
C. 4 months ✅
D. 6 months
Exp: Fully vascularized by 4 months postnatal.
56. Optic nerve myelination is absent:
A. Anterior to lamina cribrosa ✅
B. Posterior to lamina cribrosa
C. In chiasma
D. In LGN
Exp: Stops at lamina cribrosa.
57. Angle of orbits in newborns:
A. 45–50° ✅
B. 30°
C. 60°
D. 75°
Exp: More divergent than adults.
58. Adult orbital angle:
A. 30° ✅
B. 40°
C. 50°
D. 60°
Exp: Decreases with growth.
59. At birth, eyelids are:
A. Open
B. Closed & fused until 5th–7th month intrauterine ✅
C. Large
D. Small
Exp: Eyelids fuse until 7th month IU.
60. Normal IOP in newborn:
A. 5–10 mmHg ✅
B. 12–20 mmHg
C. 20–25 mmHg
D. 25–30 mmHg
Exp: Lower than adults.
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